Entries by Daphne Hanson

The diploid human genome

The diploid human genome comprises 6.4 x 109 bp and fits into a nucleus that is 6 μm in diameter. 1.  If base pairs occur at intervals of 0.34 nm along the DNA helix, what is the length of DNA in a human cell? 2.  If the diameter of the DNA helix is 2.4 nm, […]

Adenosine triphosphate synthesis

Adenosine triphosphate synthesis Both mitochondria and chloroplasts use electron transport to pump protons, creating an electrochemical proton gradient. which drives ATP synthesis. 1.  Are protons pumped across the same (analogous) membranes in the two organelles? 2.  Is ATP synthesized in the analogous compartments?