Extremely low birth weight is considered to be weight below 1000 grams. It’s a major problem to the public health and community. It increasing infant mortality rate. The low birth weight is caused by a number of factors like exposure to the toxins or poverty (Sims and Sims , T. L and Bruce , M L ( 2008).

The Extreme low birthweight infants suffer from various illnesses and complications for example respiratory distress, anemia, patent ductus arteriosus. The short-term effects of low birth weight, the infant spend most of their time in neonate intensive care unit. They are also at risk of death because they are premature and vulnerable to illnesses. There is high rate of hospitalization due to various health problems.

The low birth weight also may suffer from long term effects like mental retardation, failure to thrive, poor development and behavior issues.

The ongoing care for the low-birth-weight infant is very expensive for the family and community. It requires a lot of money to meet the expenses needed to provide the required care.  Such infant may also have chronic illnesses hypertension diabetes just to mention.  As the children develop, there will be need for special education to cater for children with various disabilities

Low birth weight is very high among the African Americans in comparison to the white Americans, this is an indicator of racial disparity, and it is related to social and economic reasons ( United state department of health and Human services 2002). .

Early intervention services are aimed at identification, evaluation and intervention for infants and young children who are risk developmental delayed or medical condition that could result in disabilities or delays. These services are provided under federal individuals with Disabilities Education Acts (IDEA) Early intervention services 2012. https://sites.ed.gov/idea/IDEA-History

 

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Explain Kant’s deontological argument and apply it to the growing number of anti-vaxxers who feel like their rights are being violated by the efforts of the federal government to mandate mask wearing and require vaccinations for employment. Is this the proper use of this ethical theory?

Are anti-vaxxers correct in their understanding of the COVID roll out effort? How can you convince them otherwise?  Use real-life examples from the CDC, news/media to support your answer and make sure your sources for facts are from reputable sources.

Taylor is 21 years old and a junior in nursing school. She tells her nursing instructor that her 45-year-old father has been drinking heavily for years and recently lost his job. Adding to the family’s stress is that her mother has multiple sclerosis with worsening symptoms. Taylor plans to quit school to take care of her.

a. How many different types of crises are going on in this family? Discuss the crises from the viewpoint of each family member.

b. If this family came for crisis counseling, what areas would you assess? What kinds of questions would you ask to evaluate each member’s individual needs and the needs of the family as a unit (perception of events, social supports, coping styles)?

c. Identify specific referral agencies in your area that would be helpful if members of this family were willing to expand their use of outside resources and to stabilize the situation.

Using an article from a medical journal, evaluate and discuss the risks and benefits of calcium supplementation for a patient with a bone disease. What would you recommend for is a 59-year-old postmenopausal woman with a T-score of − 2.3. Her past medical history is unremarkable and she only takes a multivitamin with additional calcium and vitamin D.

Her family history is remarkable for a mother who had osteoporosis and died of breast cancer and a father who has diabetes