Why is the use of positive end-expiratory pressure

Why is the use of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) beneficial when treating mechanically ventilated patient with pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)?

Group of answer choices

PEEP increases alveolar recruitment.

PEEP decreases capillary leakage.

PEEP increases dead-space ventilation.

PEEP decreases intrapulmonary shunt.

The chain of infection steps

Complete the written questions by reading each question carefully and writing your response(s) in the space provided. Put the chain of infection steps in the correct sequence by writing the numbers 1,2,3,4,5 and 6 in the order column.

©TAFE NSW 2018

Mode of transmission: the microorganism movement from old host to new host Answer 1Choose…135264
Portal of exit: how the microorganism leaves the reservoir Answer 2Choose…135264
Host: new pathogen residence Answer 3Choose…135264
Port of entry: how the organisms enter a susceptible host Answer 4Choose…135264
Reservoir: where the microorganism lives Answer 5Choose…135264
Pathogen: disease causing microorganism Answer 6Choose…135264

 

Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation

Match the mechanical ventilation to the correct term. Pressure-limited ventilation. Volume-limited ventilation. Synchronized Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation (SIMV)

4. Pressure Support Ventilation (PSV)

5. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP)
[ Choose – Select 1 ]

A. Provides support to a preset pressure level, above the PEEP level, for every patient-triggered breath. Used for those patients without sufficient inspiratory capacity.

 

B. Mode provides air pressure on a continuous basis to keep the airways continuously open in patients who are able to breathe spontaneously. Used as a weaning mode.

 

C. Ventilator delivers a breath to a preset pressure target at a preset respiratory rate.

 

D. Ventilator delivers a breath to a preset volume target at a preset respiratory rate.

 

F. Mode provides an inverse inspiratory to expiratory ratio (I:O ratio) to improve oxygenation in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.

 

G. Mode is used to assist patients who have some, but not sufficient, breathing effort.

The importance of using critical thinking in the operation of healthcare

In this assessment, you will put your critical thinking skills to work as you develop a position statement on a current healthcare issue.

This assessment will demonstrate the importance of using critical thinking in the operation of healthcare facilities. Choose a current issue that reflects the political point of view of either one of the political parties, Republican or Democrat.

 

You are scheduled to testify at your state legislature regarding this issue. Develop a position statement that argues your point of view of the issue.

Evaluation of productive cough

Pamela Knight is a 69-year-old female with a past medical history of diabetes mellitus on insulin, hypertension, COPD, reformed tobacco user, and hyperlipidemia, who presents to urgent care today for an evaluation of productive cough, weakness, fatigue, and decrease in appetite that has been present for the past 2 to 3 days. She states that she has been feeling well until she started coughing up yellowish-green sputum.

She occasionally has shortness of breath and has been using her rescue inhaler more frequently than normal. She went to work this morning at the library and decided to come in for evaluation after the end of her shift.

Vital signs: Temperature: 99.6, HR 96, RR: 22, O2: 93%, BP: 139/72

 

You are the provider entering the room for examination.

What is your next step?

What other information do you need?

What 3 differential diagnoses would be a part of your work up?

How would you treat this patient as she walks out of your clinic today?

: How does Human virtual stimulate patient

Advanced physical assessment: How does Human virtual stimulate patient encounter help meet the goals of the competencies from the NONPF Independent Practice Competency: 1. Practices independently managing previously diagnosed and undiagnosed patients?

Describe how this helped accomplish the NONPF Independent Practice Competency: 1. Practices independently managing previously diagnosed and undiagnosed patients in detail?

 

Provide at least two specific examples.

Why is a prolapsed cord an obstetrical emergency?

Lisa in Labor: An At-Risk Labor and Birth Case Study. On October 1st of the current year, L.G., a 16-year-old Caucasian female who is a G4 P0030, presents at a local hospital in labor. She reports that her due date is “the beginning of September of this year.” Based on her last menstrual period, her EDD is October 15th.

Coming to the labor and delivery unit alone, she states that she does not have any family or support. Upon further questioning, she states that a friend “gave me a ride and dropped me off here.” L.G. reveals during her admission assessment that she has had no prenatal care during this pregnancy. She reports that she’s been in labor at home for the past few hours but that the contractions got “too hard for me to breathe through them” so she came to the hospital.

A vaginal exam reveals that her cervix is 6 cm dilated, 80% effaced and her fetus is at the -2 station. Her amniotic membranes are intact and bulging and the fetal presenting part cannot be palpated. Her vital signs reveal BP 170/92, P 80, R 16, and T 98.8 degrees Fahrenheit. After you (the nurse) perform Leopold’s maneuvers, you place the fetal heart toco on the left upper quadrant of the patient’s abdomen.

Her uterine contraction pattern shows she is having contractions every 2-3 minutes lasting between 50 and 60 seconds. When you palpate the fundus during contractions, her fundus palpates firm.

Answer the following questions:

  • What stage of labor is L.G. experiencing?
  • What are six additional questions that you would ask L.G. in order to complete her admission assessment, including questions regarding her prenatal health history and factors that take her psychosocial, emotional support, and cultural factors into consideration? Write and discuss why you chose these questions.
  • In addition to the foregoing assessment, list two additional laboratory and diagnostic tests that are routinely drawn and performed when a laboring woman is admitted to the Labor and Delivery unit.

Case Study Continued:

Since you are monitoring fetal heart tones in the upper left quadrant of L.G.’s abdomen, you suspect that the fetus is mal-positioned. A quick ultrasound scan confirms that the fetal head is not vertex in the mother’s pelvis. Further, L.G.’s amniotic membranes ruptured spontaneously during a uterine contraction, the fetal heart rate dropped from its baseline of 130-140 bpm to 90 bpm and you immediately see that the fetus’s umbilical cord has prolapsed.

Answer the following questions:

  • What initial nursing interventions would you perform to improve maternal and fetal outcomes given the prolapsed cord?
  • Why is a prolapsed cord an obstetrical emergency?
  • Given the obstetrical emergency, what is the safest method of L.G.’s fetus and why?

Patient-centered care recognizing cultural diversity

How did the Human help achieve the goals of competency from the NONPF Independent Practice Competency: Provides patient-centered care recognizing cultural diversity and the patient or designee as a full partner in decision-making?

Describe how the iHuman virtual learning helped meet this competency.

Provide at least two specific examples.

The NONPF Independent Practice Competency

How did the Human help achieve the goals of competency from the NONPF Independent Practice Competency: Provides patient-centered care recognizing cultural diversity and the patient or designee as a full partner in decision-making?

Describe how the iHuman virtual learning helped meet this competency.

Provide at least two specific examples.

The political process surrounding health care

How has this course, Healthcare Policy, Regulation, and Finance changed views on becoming involved in the political process surrounding health care? Discuss and reflect on the assigned topics in terms of:

How do the content and assignments meet the course objective(s)?

Provide examples of actual or potential applications of the course week’s concepts.

Successes or challenges had for the week regarding the course content.