Environmental controls of asthma

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Lillian Chase was diagnosed with asthma at 8 years of age. Today she presents to the primary health care provider’s office complaining of increased shortness of breath and coughing, especially at night, despite using an albuterol (Proventil) inhaler, one or two inhalations every four to six hours as needed. Using the Step Method, the primary health care provider classifies Ms. Chase’s asthma as Step three. Explain what medications are recommended to treat Ms. Chase’s asthma and what environmental controls of asthma can Ms. Chase use to help control her asthma.

Evaluate the effectiveness of an exercise program in reducing systolic blood pressure

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A study is run to evaluate the effectiveness of an exercise program in reducing systolic blood pressure in patients with pre-hypertension (defined as a systolic blood pressure between 120-139 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure between 80-89 mmHg). A total of fifteen patients with pre-hypertension enroll in the study, and their systolic blood pressures are measured. Each patient then participates in an exercise training program where they learn proper techniques and execution of a series of exercises. Patients are instructed to do the exercise program three times per week for six weeks. After six weeks, systolic blood pressure are again measured. What type of nonparametric test should be used to evaluate the effectiveness of an exercise program in reducing systolic blood pressure?

Hormonal replacement therapy

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Women have been told for many years that when menopause occurs, they will need hormonal replacement therapy . However, recently released information indicates that long-term hormonal replacement therapy is more harmful than beneficial. If you were the pharmacist, what advice would you give women on this subject? Give supporting evidence.

 

The treatment of hair loss

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Propecia was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of hair loss. The active ingredient in Propecia is finasteride, which is the same drug used to treat benign prostatic hypertrophy, under the brand name Proscar. Explain the difference in strength between Propecia and Proscar, and what are the side effects of finasteride.

What physiologic problem causes Parkinson’s disease

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Michael, a 45-year-old, could not believe his ears when the healthcare provider told him he had Parkinson’s disease. “Isn’t that an old person’s disease?” he asked. However, he knew something had been very wrong for about 3 months. At first, he Feld more tired than usual, he had noticed a slight tremor, especially when he became fatigued. Michael’s wife pointed out that his “handshakes” were getting worse. Like many people first diagnosed with a degenerative nervous system disease, Michael has many questions and concerns. The following are just a few of his questions. As his nurse, how would you respond? Answer the following questions.

  1. What physiologic problem causes Parkinson’s disease and what is the etiology of the disease? How could a nurse describe this etiology to Michael?
  2. Eventually, Michael is prescribed levodopa and carbidopa (Sinemet) for his Parkinsonism. How does this medication work? What is the advantage of combining the two medications?
  3. What drug-related adverse effects would you discuss with Michael?

How do Human Factors influence healthcare errors?

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Human Factors play an integral part in healthcare. Review this week’s videos regarding this topic and reflect upon these factors and your own experiences. In the video LDI Louise Batz, her daughter mentions 3 reasons preventable medical errors occur and her conviction about the importance of patients and families being an integral part of the healthcare team.

The Story of Louise H. Batz from Tragedy to Hope (Duration: 13:36)

The Story of Louise H. Batz from Tragedy to Hope (Links to an external site.)

  1. As mentioned in the LDI Louise Batz video, how do lack of teamwork, lack of knowledge, and lack of technology impact the occurrence of preventable medical errors? How do Human Factors influence healthcare errors? Describe what you have seen in either your professional or personal life.
  2. How can patients and their families be included in the healthcare team and how would this impact healthcare?

Intravenous Pitocin therapy

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“A primigravida at 43 weeks gestation was admitted for labor induction by intravenous Pitocin therapy three hours ago. On observation on the external monitor tracing, the nurse notes that with the last two contractions, the fetal heart rate decreased after the contraction peak and returned to baseline after the contraction ended. A decrease in variability is also noted. What is the pattern identified by the nurse and the possible reasons responsible for it? What actions should the nurse take?”

 

What are the five stages of the Kugler-Ross Model?

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Bereavement is the state of loss when someone close to an individual has died. The death of a loved one is one of the greatest sorrows that can occur in one’s life. People’s responses to grief will vary depending upon the circumstances of the death, but grief is a normal, healthy response to loss. Feelings of bereavement can also accompany other losses, such as the decline of one’s health or the health of a close other, or the end of an important relationship. What are the five stages of the Kugler-Ross Model? Explain each of them. Otherwise, what are the different types of loss?

 

Human papillomavirus prevention program

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There is a planned community health project to decrease the incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV).  Explain who is/are the target population and why. Also, describe what are some key factors to consider when planning a Human papillomavirus prevention program.

Understanding of the Bloodborne Pathogen standard

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The employer at your clinic told personnel that it was no longer acceptable for them to wear clean exam gloves while transporting patients, nor was it acceptable to wear clean exam gloves when transporting trash and linen to the decontamination area. The rationale offered for this policy was that if the patients were provided and are using clean gowns and linen, there was no need for gloves. Also, if the trash and linen bags were not soiled, then there was no need for gloves. However, an employee believed that she and her coworkers should protect themselves by using clean gloves during all transport. She was advised by her supervisor that she will be counseled on her behavior should she continue to wear clean exam gloves while performing the previously mentioned duties.
1. The employer directive seems at odds with the employee’s understanding of the Bloodborne Pathogen standard. Can the employer make this decision? Explain your answer.
2. Should this employee wear new gloves when transporting patients?