Describe the role of the Research Ethics Board. What are their roles and responsibilities? Define informed consent in a research context. What content is included in a participation consent form? Why? (2)

Describe two ethical scenarios concerning the designing or implementation of digital services in an information institution (for example a library, or archive). Based on your descriptions, please analyze these two scenarios with careful consideration of the Code of Ethics (e.g., ALA Code of Ethics, SAA Code of Ethics)and provide possible solutions for these two scenarios.

Principles and Practices of Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition CD is a 28-year-old administrative hospital worker who presented to the emergency room complaining of headaches and shortness of breath. She was admitted to the hospital for  evaluation

when she was found to have a blood pressure of 170/110 mm Hg and mild congestive heart  failure

(CHF) by chest X-ray. CD reports that over the past year, her weight has increased about 10  pounds

(4.5 kg), although her dietary intake has remained unchanged or even lower due to desire for  weight

loss.

Past Medical History 

CD has had no recent viral illness, sore throat, or upper respiratory infections but did report  frequent sore throats treated with antibiotics as a child. She has never had rheumatologic  symptoms,

and has no knowledge of a family history of renal disease. She is currently not taking any  medications, vitamins, minerals, or herbal supplements and has no known drug or food  allergies.

Social History 

CD has her own apartment and lives alone. She occasionally drinks alcohol but denies tobacco and intravenous or oral drug use.

CD’s 24-Hour Dietary Recall 

Breakfast (home) 

Tea 8 ounces (240 mL)

Orange juice 8 ounces

Non-dairy creamer 2 Tbsp.

_Bagel Frozen, store bought, eating

½

_{Cream cheese} 1 Tbsp. on whole bagel,

eating ½

Skim milk 8 ounces

Lunch (grocery store) 

Salad with scoop of tuna or

_{chicken salad} 1 cup, eating ⅓

Iced tea (unsweetend) 16 ounces (480 mL)

Orange or grapes 1 medium orang

Dinner (home) 

_{Chicken breast, broiled} 3.5 ounces (eating maybe

almost ¾)

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Principles and Practices of Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition

Broccoli, spinach 1/2 cup each

Margarine 1 tsp total for 2 vegetables

_Salt 1 tsp total for vegetables

and chicken consumed

Diet cola soda 16 ounces (480 mL)

Snack (movies) 

Salted nuts 2 small 1 ounce bags

Diet cola soda 16 ounces (480 mL)

Total calories: 1122 kcal

Protein: 68 g

Fat: 72 g

Carbohydrate: 118 g

Potassium: 2974 mg

Sodium: 1650 mg

Calcium: 819 mg

Phosphorus: 1095 mg

Review of Systems 

General: Fatigue, weakness, shortness of breath

GI: Anorexia

Physical Examination 

Vital Signs 

Temperature: 97 °F (36 °C)

Heart rate: 96 BPM

Respiration: 24 BPM

Blood pressure: 170/110 mm Hg

Height: 5′4″ (162 cm)

Current weight: 130 lb (59 kg)

Usual weight: 120 lb (54.5 kg) 6 months ago (Use for estimated “dry” weight)

Exam 

General: Well-developed female

Lungs: Decreased breath sounds with faint crackles at the right base Cardiac: Regular rate and rhythm, systolic murmur at the apex, S3 gallop Abdomen: Soft, non-tender, no hepatomegaly

Extremities: 2+ peripheral edema on both legs, ring tight on finger Skin: Warm to touch

Neurologic: Intact, mild asterixis

Initial Laboratory Data 

Patient’s Values Normal Values 

Sodium: 132 mEq/L 133-143 mEq/L

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Principles and Practices of Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition Case Analysis 2

Potassium: 6.4 mEq/L 3.5-5.3 mEq/L

Chloride: 111 mEq/L 98-108 mEq/L

CO2: 15 mEq/L 24-32 mEq/L

Calcium: 7.5 mg/dL 9-11 mg/dL

Adjusted calcium: 8.1 mg/dL 9-11 mg/dL

Phosphorus: 7.2 mg/dL 2.5-4.6 mg/dL

BUN: 90 mg/dL 7-18 mg/dL

Creatinine: 8.0 mg/dL 0.6-1.2 mg/dL

Albumin: 3.2 g/dL 3.5-5.8 g/dL

Describe the effect that impulses from the pneumatic and apneustic centers in the pons have on the medullary centers of breathing.

Mechanisms of Hormone Action. 1. The cell type upon which a hormone has its influence is called its 2. Name the two major classifications of hormones and 3. The receptor for a polar (water soluble) hormone is the target cell; located 4. When a polar h(water soluble) ermone binds to its receptor, it triggers a series of reactions inside the target cell referred to as

5. The recepter for a non-polar hormone is the or._. or the 6. When a non-polar (lipid soluble) hormone binds to its receptor, it turns on a in the DNA, which is located inside the the target cell; located either in by the DNA machinery. 7. Target cells tend to This results in production of a called the number of their hormone receptors by a process 8. Target cells tend to when there are sustained high levels of hormone present. called the number of their hormone receptors by a process when there is a low level of a hormone present.