Examination of the lower extremities shows bilateral pedal and ankle edema

A 78-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 10-month history of fatigue and shortness of breath on exertion in addition to 2-month sounds. Which of the following is the most likely etiology of the patient’s lower extremity edema? history of ankle swelling. Examination of the lower extremities shows bilateral pedal and ankle edema. A cardiac examination shows abnormal heart Oa. Localized lymphatic obstruction. Ob. Increased capillary hydrostatic pressure. Oc. Decreased plasma oncotic pressure. d. Dermal accumulation of glycosaminoglycans. O e. Thrombus formation in a deep vein