The Role of CRISPR-Cas Systems in Microbial Immunity and Genome Engineering

The Role of CRISPR-Cas Systems in Microbial Immunity and Genome Engineering: Explore the mechanisms by which CRISPR-Cas systems confer adaptive immunity in bacteria and archaea against viral and plasmid DNA. Discuss the potential applications of CRISPR-Cas systems in genome editing, including gene knockout, knock-in, and base editing, and their implications for biomedical research, biotechnology, and agriculture. Consider the ethical and regulatory challenges associated with CRISPR-based genome editing technologies and the importance of responsible use and oversight.