Discuss the role of DNA replication in cellular growth

Discuss the role of DNA replication in cellular growth, repair, and inheritance of genetic information. DNA replication is a fundamental process that occurs prior to cell division, ensuring the faithful transmission of genetic information from parent to daughter cells. During replication, the DNA double helix unwinds and separates into two complementary strands, each serving as a template for the synthesis of a new strand. DNA polymerase enzymes catalyze the addition of nucleotides to the growing DNA strand, following the base-pairing rules (A-T and C-G). This semi-conservative mechanism results in the formation of two identical DNA molecules, each containing one original strand and one newly synthesized strand. DNA replication is essential for cellular growth and repair, as it provides the necessary genetic material for daughter cells to maintain their integrity and functionality. Additionally, accurate replication is crucial for the inheritance of genetic traits from one generation to the next, ensuring genetic continuity and stability within populations.