Research the case of Zephaniah Trevino and locate 2 sources about the case decisions. What 2 sources did you find about Zephi’s case? How were the reporting and opinions of the case decisions similar or different between your 2 sources?

• What elements of this case have an ethical dilemma?
• What ethical decisions would you make for her incarceration, rehabilitation, and reintegration? Provide rationale.

A reasonable expectation of privacy does not exist in which of the following situations? A person’s DNA found on a victim A person’s DNA left behind in their home. A person’s DNA stored in a hospital. A person’s DNA found on his or her body

Which of the following should an officer not do when the media is present at a crime scene?

1. Give the media your name and badge number
2. State that you will come back and make a statement after you have seen the crime scene
3. Include a number of untruthful facts intended to confuse the suspect with regard to the investigation
4. Tell the media the basic information regarding what has occurred without too many details

If called upon to submit wet physical evidence for forensic evaluation, it needs to remain wet and stored in metal storage containers.

1. True
2. False

The role of an “ident” officer is:

1. To patrol defined areas and respond to emergency calls of service
2. To analyze and report on the evidence
3. To identify, document, collect, and preserve physical evidence from a crime scene
4. To conduct autopsies

Which of the following statements is correct?

1. Proof beyond a reasonable doubt allows a reasonable person to be “sure” that the accused is guilty
2. Proof beyond a reasonable doubt includes imaginary and frivolous doubt
3. Proof on a balance of probabilities is a more stringent standard than proof beyond a reasonable doubt
4. Proof on a balance of probabilities is the standard applied in criminal cases where the accused does not face incarceration

Results of forensic laboratory testing on evidence collected from a crime scene usually take less than a day.

1. True
2. False

Which of the following is an example of physical evidence?

1. Affidavits
2. Medical records
3. A gun
4. Oral testimony given by a witness in court

As an investigator, it is important to attend the crime scene. This allows the investigator to view the crime through the victim’s eyes of those of the accused.

1. True
2. False

A police officer can be convicted of obstruction of justice for failing to collect evidence about a fellow police office suspected of committing a criminal offence.

1. True
2. False

A crime scene will be released when:

1. The coroner has determined the cause of death
2. The accused has obtained a lawyer
3. The search warrant authorizing the search of the crime scene has expired
4. The lead investigator decides it is appropriate

The following statement is correct:

1. A number recorder warrant allows a peace officer to install a monitoring device to monitor IP addresses on computers
2. A production order does not authorize a peace officer to carry out any investigative activities
3. A warrant to obtain bodily samples allows a peace officer to take a sample of a person’s blood for DNA or alcohol testing
4. A warrant to search and seize allows a peace officer to search a person for weapons, prohibited devices, or ammunition

Which of the following is not a consideration when determining whether a search was reasonable?

1. The individual was given reasonable notice of the search
2. The authorizing law was reasonable
3. The search was conducted reasonably
4. The search was authorized by law

Regarding fingerprints, pores in the friction ridges secrete, vegetable oil, citric acids, and bath salts.

1. True
2. False

There is currently no valid basis requiring a predetermined number of ridge characteristics that must be present to establish a positive identification.

1. True
2. False

A woman has been beaten by her father with a shoe. When you attend the hospital where she is being treated, you note that amongst her injuries, is a imprint of a rearing horse on her left shoulder. When you investigate the father, you find that the shoes he is wearing have the image of a rearing horse cut into the heal of his shoes. This would be considered pattern evidence.

1. True
2. False

A “search” is any consensual examination by the state of something in which one has a reasonable expectation of privacy.

1. True
2. False

Even if the police conduct an unreasonable search that violates section 8 of the Charter, it is possible that the unlawfully obtained evidence may be admitted at trial.

1. True
2. False

Evidence is:

1. Information or physical material relied upon in legal proceedings as facts-in-issue.
2. Information or physical material relied upon in legal proceedings as facts-in-issue.
3. Rulings and judgements provided by the presiding Attorney General.
4. Thoughts and opinions expressed by those jurors reviewing legal proceedings.

Officers are called to a residence where the victim is believed to be suffering from a gunshot wound. Arriving at the scene, they are met with paramedics. The house is cleared by the officers and a victim is located in his bedroom. The paramedics attempt to revive the unresponsive victim suffering from gun shots. The officers assist with pulling the victim onto the floor so that the paramedics may perform cpr, stop the bleeding and attempt to stabilize the victim. While assisting the officers realize that they along with the paramedics have walked through the victim’s blood and have left footprints on the floor by the victim’s bed. Once the victim is enroute to the hospital, the officers should:

1. Clean the floor using damp cloths – as it wasn’t evidence of the crime.
2. Make note of the footprints, notify the investigator and forensics and then clean them up as they were not caused in the crime.
3. Make note of the footprints and notify the investigators and forensics leaving the scene as it is. 
4. Clean the floor using dry cloths – and seize the clothes in a paper bag. This ensures a pristine crime scene when forensics arrive.

A report to a justice is also sometimes referred to as a return.

1. True
2. False

The failure of a police officer to collect and preserve evidence in accordance with legal requirements could constitute:

1. An improper use of discretion
2. An obstruction of justice
3. All of the above
4. A breach of the accused’s Charter rights

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

1. Seizure of bodily impressions requires judicial authorization pursuant to the Criminal Code
2. Section 8 of the Charter protects only the biological core of personal information
3. Searches conducted incident to arrest must always be conducted in a reasonable manner
4. Searches conducted without prior judicial authorization are considered prima facie unreasonable

Fingerprints found on a hammer at a crime scene would be considered as direct evidence.

1. True
2. False

Conditional evidence is evidence that could disappear over time or through environmental circumstances.

1. True
2. False

Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding section 11(d) of the Charter, which guarantees the presumption of innocence and the right to a trial?

1. Section 11(d) presumes all accused innocent until proven guilty
2. Section 11(d) guarantees all accused the right to speak with a lawyer
3. Section 11(d) guarantees that anyone charged with an offence has a right to a public hearing
4. Section 11(d) requires that criminal trials be conducted before an independent and impartial tribunal

A “seizure” is any taking of something belonging to or in the care and control of a person by the state.

1. True
2. False

Documenting a crime scene involves all but which of the following?

1. Creating police notes
2. Digitally recording the crime scene
3. Advising the media of the evidence collected
4. Sketching the surroundings

A hearing held before the actual trial to determine issues such as whether there is enough evidence to proceed to trial is known as a:

1. Preliminary hearing
2. Charge to the jury
3. Voir dire
4. Trial

As investigating officers, when do we need to be concerned with investigating and collecting evidence?

1. Never at dusk
2. Only if it appears that some foul play was involved
3. Always
4. Never – We aren’t forensic officers or SOCO

The Chief coroner in any case they consider appropriate may request that another police force or the criminal investigation branch of the OPP provide assistance to a coroner in an investigation or inquest.

1. True
2. False

Obtaining permission from a judicial authority (a judge or a justice) before conducting a search and seizure is known as judicial pre-authorization.

1. True
2. False

A declaration against interest is a statement made by a declarant that is:

1. In the best interest of family or friends of the accused
2. In the complainant’s best interests
3. Against his or her best interests
4. In his or her best interests

I.A.F.I.S. stands for: the RCMP’s Invesgitative Action for Fingerprint Interpretation Sequencing.

1. True
2. False

Why must we remember and document our route through a crime scene?

1. Both answers because we want to try and restrict scene contamination to as small an area as possible.
2. So that you will restrict the contamination of the scene to the route you and others take through it.
3. Neither answer as we want to keep our entry and exit different. By traveling the same scene in an out, we are doubling the contamination of that route.
4. So that we can notify the forensic team and investigator so that they might follow the same route.

The informant of a search warrant application may offer conclusions, opinions, and facts in their information to obtain without providing the source of the information.

1. True
2. False

The media are among those commonly allowed access to a crime scene because of their mandate to provide the public with information.

1. True
2. False

One of the main exclusionary rules of evidence is:

1. Hearsay
2. The Charter
3. The Canada Evidence Act
4. An objection

What does the term ‘latent’, as in latent fingerprints mean?

1. Visible and made in something like blood, grease, ink or dirt. 
2. Invisible
3. Colorful, usually green or orange
4. Opaque

A person has a reasonable expectation of privacy in the contents of financial documents contained in a bag of garbage when it is inside their home.

1. True
2. False

A woman has been attacked in her home. On this warm rainy afternoon in March, you are dispatched to assist two units already off at the victim’s residence. When you arrive, you check on the officers talking with the victim. You are told that the assailant accessed the victim’s home through unknown means. Once you confirm that they are not in need of assistance, you have a look around the outside of the home. As you circle the residence, you observe a disturbance in some bushes near a rear facing window. Beside the window it an air-conditioning unit. Looking further, you see the pattern of a shoe in the remnants of snow by the window. There is also a partial dirt print n on the A/C unity. When you look, you also note that the rear window looks to have been forced open.

You inform the officers inside and contact the forensic unit with your department. You are told that they can’t get to your location for another hour. You take a picture of the prints and attend your cruiser for an ice scrapper and plastic emergency banket. You tent the emergency blanket over the prints, careful not to touch them.

Though you have disturbed other prints leading up to the window, you attempted to preserve the as much of the scene as possible recognizing the evidence due to the weather and warm temperatures could be:

1. Persistent evidence
2. Inconsistent evidence
3. Conditional evidence
4. Transient evidence

Based on the means by which you obtain energy and carbon, what is your trophic mode? Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer. a Photoautotrophic b Chemoautotrophic C Chemoheterotrophic d Photoheterotrophic

Which civilization’s writing system used logograms and syllabograms?​

Group of answer choices

​Maya

​Olmec

​Inka

​Nazca

Flag question: Question 2Question 22 pts

What is the proper name for the Aztec Calendar (or Sun) Stone?​

Group of answer choices

​the Cuauhxicalli Eagle Bowl

​the Coatlicue

​the Nazca Array

​the Jalisco

Flag question: Question 3Question 32 pts

Which is the Aztec goddess of fertility (portrayed in a statue shown in Ch. 16)?​

Group of answer choices

​Coatlicue

​Chan Muwan

​Popol

​Huitzilopochtli

Flag question: Question 4Question 42 pts

What is a shaman?​

Group of answer choices

​a mask worn during a Kwakiutl ritual

​a wooden figure thought to be imbued with supernatural powers

​a person who can communicate with good and evil spirits

​the uppermost figure on a totem pole

Flag question: Question 5Question 52 pts

A codex is a:​

Group of answer choices

​a weapon used by European colonizers.

​document that provides a guide to decoding messages.

​a bundle of manuscript pages stitched together.

​a form of paper used by Mesoamericans.

Flag question: Question 6Question 62 pts

Who was Nezahualcoyotl?​

Group of answer choices

​the Mayan god of rain, lightning, and thunder

​the first Olmec ruler

​an Aztec king who wrote poetry

​the last leader of the Maya people

Flag question: Question 7Question 72 pts

Which of the following statements about the pyramid at Chichén Itzá is NOT true?​

Group of answer choices

​It has 9 levels, presumably related to the Mayan conception of the Underworld, which has 9 layers.

​The four sides of the pyramid face the four points of the compass.

​It predates the construction of the ancient Egyptian pyramids.

​The number of steps on all sides of the structure adds up to 365.

Flag question: Question 8Question 82 pts

Which of the following were European explorers seeking when they traveled to the Western hemisphere?​

Group of answer choices

​the city of Atlantis

​the Holy Grail

​corn

​gold

Flag question: Question 9Question 92 pts

What term refers to a person of mixed European and Native American descent?​

Group of answer choices

​gringo

​casta

​shaman

​mestizo

Flag question: Question 10Question 102 pts

Who painted the mural The History of Mexico in the National Palace in Mexico City?​

Group of answer choices

​David Alfaro Siqueiros

​Frida Kahlo

​Diego Rivera

​Pablo Picasso

Flag question: Question 11Question 112 pts

What was the name of the section of Beijing containing the residence of the emperor?​

Group of answer choices

​the Ancient City

​the Imperial City

​the Forbidden City

​the Gate of Heavenly Peace

Flag question: Question 12Question 122 pts

What innovations from Arabic architecture were introduced by Muslim architects into Mughal architecture?​

Group of answer choices

​the arch and the viaduct

​the minaret and the pointed arch

​the ribbed vault and flying buttresses

​the slide rule and the leveler

Flag question: Question 13Question 132 pts

How did the subject matter of Mughal painting differ from earlier Hindu and Buddhist art?​

Group of answer choices

​It included aphorisms written in Kufic.

​It depicted predominantly secular subjects.

​It depicted familial portraits.

​It depicted religious subjects only.

Flag question: Question 14Question 142 pts

The 20^th-century Chinese artist Wu Hufan uses the style and scroll format of the traditional landscape to depict what scene or event?​

Group of answer choices

​Mao’s ascension to power as leader of the Communist party

​the first McDonald’s restaurant in China

​the detonation of China’s first atomic bomb

​the productivity of Chinese workers

Flag question: Question 15Question 152 pts

What novel by Wu Cheng’en (ca. 1510-1580) has a main character named Tripitaka?​

Group of answer choices

​The Plum in the Golden Vase

​The Tale of Genji

​Monkey

​Dragon

Flag question: Question 16Question 162 pts

Who was the best-known leader of Indian nationalism (from ca. 1915 to 1948)?​

Group of answer choices

​Lord Mountbatten

​Mahatma Gandhi

​Jawaharlal Nehru

​Manmohan Singh

Flag question: Question 17Question 172 pts

During the Ming period, by what name was the Chinese short story known?​

Group of answer choices

​bamboo words

​huaben

​ci

​mopheh

Flag question: Question 18Question 182 pts

What is a Japanese Noh play?​

Group of answer choices

​a combination of drama with ritual and slapstick

​a drama in which actors wear wooden masks

​a dramatic enactment of Buddha’s life

​a form of interactive improvisational theater

Flag question: Question 19Question 192 pts

Who was the first leader of the Chinese Communist Party?​

Group of answer choices

​Wang Mang

​Chiang Kai-shek

​Mao Zedong

​Lao-tzu

Flag question: Question 20Question 202 pts

Who was the greatest poet (1644-1694) of the Edo period?​

Group of answer choices

​Basho

​Kurosawa

​Shen Zhou

​Murasaki

Flag question: Question 21Question 212 pts

​What is the term for the racial segregation policy that was instituted in South Africa in 1948?

Group of answer choices

​apartheid

​ephemera

​Negritude

​colonialism

Flag question: Question 22Question 222 pts

​Why was Mofolo’s Chaka not published until 1925?

Group of answer choices

​It was censored by the government.

​It could not be translated.

​The missionary press refused to publish it.

​It was considered too sexually explicit.

Flag question: Question 23Question 232 pts

What is meant by “animism”?​

Group of answer choices

​the belief that Allah is the supreme animator of life

​the belief that rituals and songs give meaning to traditional African legends

​the belief that animals contain the souls of the dead

​the belief that the world is governed by the workings of nature

Flag question: Question 24Question 242 pts

The Shona people reside in which present-day African nation?​

Group of answer choices

​Ghana

​Zimbabwe

​Somalia

​Tanzania

Flag question: Question 25Question 252 pts

​During the 7^th century, what new religion was introduced into Saharan Africa?

Group of answer choices

​Islam

​Christianity

​Zoroastrianism

​Buddhism

Flag question: Question 26Question 262 pts

What type of African art was used to transform or to conceal identities?​

Group of answer choices

​instruments which mimicked animal sounds

​painted skins

​mats of woven fiber

highly stylized masks

Flag question: Question 27Question 272 pts

What West African kingdom began to grow in power as the kingdom of Ghana declined?​

Group of answer choices

​Zimbabwe

​Benin

​Ethiopia

​Kuba

Flag question: Question 28Question 282 pts

​Which 20^th-century Senegalese writer created the movement called Negritude?

Group of answer choices

​Qamaan Bulhan

​Saiyad Abdallah

​Chinua Achebe

​Leopold Senghor

Flag question: Question 29Question 292 pts

​What is generally considered to be both the first novel (1906) by an African and the first written in an African language?

Group of answer choices

​Things Fall Apart

​No Longer at Ease

​Traveler of the East

​Chaka

Flag question: Question 30Question 302 pts

What is the central theme of Chinua Achebe’s writing?​

Group of answer choices

​the history of ancient African civilizations

​the decline of East African trading cities

​the conflict between Western culture and traditional African society

the development of transnational black spiritualism​

Flag question: Question 31Question 312 pts

​Which English poet faced numerous challenges, such as his poor health and his Catholic faith in a Protestant country?

Group of answer choices

​John Keats

​William Blake

​Alexander Pope

​Theodore Dryden

Flag question: Question 32Question 322 pts

Which painter’s works best represent the official art style of the French Revolution?​

Group of answer choices

​Watteau

​Gainsborough

​ Hals

​David

Flag question: Question 33Question 332 pts

Who was the most important Neo-Classical sculptor from Italy?​

Group of answer choices

​Giovanni Tiepolo

​Antonio Canova

​Jacques-Louis David

​Balthazar Neumann

Flag question: Question 34Question 342 pts

Which English painter of the Rococo period was best known for his portraits and landscapes?​

Group of answer choices

​Hogarth

​Gainsborough

​Watteau

​David

Flag question: Question 35Question 352 pts

Who were “Enlightened Despots”?​

Group of answer choices

​learned vagabonds

​monarchs wary of appearing to have absolute power

​poor citizens sent to public schools

​philosophers who espoused hedonism

Flag question: Question 36Question 362 pts

Who was a major composer who wrote music in the style galant?​

Group of answer choices

​Couperin

​Scarlatti

​Frederick

​Beethoven

Flag question: Question 37Question 372 pts

Which English artist is best known for his satirical paintings of the English middle class?​

Group of answer choices

​Gainsborough

​Reynolds

​Constable

​Hogarth

Flag question: Question 38Question 382 pts

​Who was the first great French Rococo painter (d. 1721)?

Group of answer choices

​Boucher

​Fragonard

​Watteau

​Hogarth

Flag question: Question 39Question 392 pts

What appears to have been the purpose of Fragonard’s paintings?​

Group of answer choices

​to foster French Nationalism

​to critique the Bourgeoisie

​ to entertain the eye

​ to bolster the French monarchy

Flag question: Question 40Question 402 pts

Who was probably the principal author of the Declaration of Independence (1776)?​

Group of answer choices

​Thomas Jefferson

​Alexander Pope

​Benjamin Franklin

​John Stuart Mill